aryl halide
preferred label: آریل هالید @fa
type: Concept
related: Ullmann reaction

coupling
preferred label: جفت‌شدن @fa
type: Concept
related: Ullmann reaction

chemical reaction
preferred label: واکنش شیمیایی @fa
type: Concept
narrower: Ullmann reaction

coupling reaction
preferred label: واکنش جفت‌شدن @fa
type: Concept
related: Ullmann reaction

Ullmann reaction
related: coupling reaction
related: aryl halide
related: coupling
related: copper
broader: chemical reaction
preferred label: واکنش اولمان @fa
type: Concept

copper
preferred label: مس @fa
type: Concept
related: Ullmann reaction